An Evaluation of Nurse-Led Malaria Prevention Programs for Pregnant Women in Nasarawa State
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Background of the Study
Malaria remains one of the leading causes of maternal and neonatal morbidity in Nigeria, with pregnant women being particularly vulnerable due to their reduced immunity. The World Health Organization (WHO, 2024) recommends a combination of preventive strategies, including intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp), insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), and environmental control measures. Despite these recommendations, malaria prevalence among pregnant women in Nasarawa State remains high due to poor healthcare access, inadequate knowledge, and low adoption of preventive measures (Ibrahim & Ali, 2023).
Nurse-led malaria prevention programs play a critical role in addressing this challenge by promoting health education, distributing ITNs, administering IPTp, and conducting routine antenatal screenings (Oladipo & Hassan, 2024). While these interventions have been implemented in various settings, their effectiveness in Nasarawa State has not been adequately assessed.
This study aims to evaluate the impact of nurse-led malaria prevention programs for pregnant women in Nasarawa State and identify the challenges affecting their success.
Statement of the Problem
Malaria in pregnancy contributes to maternal anemia, low birth weight, and increased neonatal mortality. Despite the availability of preventive measures, many pregnant women in Nasarawa State do not utilize these services due to a lack of awareness, cultural beliefs, and healthcare system constraints (Suleiman & Musa, 2024).
Nurses play a vital role in implementing malaria prevention programs, yet their effectiveness in reducing malaria incidence among pregnant women has not been fully assessed. This study seeks to evaluate nurse-led interventions and propose strategies to enhance their impact.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the effectiveness of nurse-led malaria prevention programs for pregnant women in Nasarawa State.
- To identify the challenges affecting the success of nurse-led malaria prevention programs.
- To propose strategies for improving nurse-led malaria prevention efforts in the state.
Research Questions
- How effective are nurse-led malaria prevention programs for pregnant women in Nasarawa State?
- What challenges hinder the success of nurse-led malaria prevention programs?
- What strategies can be implemented to enhance the effectiveness of nurse-led malaria prevention efforts?
Research Hypotheses
H₀: Nurse-led malaria prevention programs do not significantly reduce malaria incidence among pregnant women in Nasarawa State.
H₁: Nurse-led malaria prevention programs significantly reduce malaria incidence among pregnant women in Nasarawa State.
H₀: There are no significant challenges affecting the success of nurse-led malaria prevention programs.
H₁: Significant challenges affect the success of nurse-led malaria prevention programs.
H₀: There are no effective strategies for improving nurse-led malaria prevention programs.
H₁: Effective strategies can be adopted to enhance nurse-led malaria prevention programs.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on pregnant women in Nasarawa State and the nurse-led malaria prevention programs available to them. Limitations may include potential recall bias from participants and disparities in malaria prevention efforts across different healthcare facilities.
Definitions of Terms
- Malaria Prevention Program – A healthcare initiative aimed at reducing malaria transmission through education, medication, and vector control.
- Intermittent Preventive Treatment in Pregnancy (IPTp) – The use of antimalarial drugs to prevent malaria during pregnancy.
- Insecticide-Treated Net (ITN) – A mosquito net treated with insecticide to prevent malaria transmission.
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